Nasal polyps are soft, non-cancerous growths that develop from the lining of the nose or sinuses. They often occur in association with chronic inflammation, allergies, or asthma.
Symptoms
- Nasal obstruction and congestion
- Reduced or absent sense of smell
- Runny nose and postnasal drip
- Facial pressure or pain
- Snoring and sleep disturbance
Treatment Options
Medical Treatment
Nasal corticosteroid sprays and drops are the first-line treatment. Short courses of oral steroids may be used for large polyps. Biological treatments (e.g. dupilumab) are now available for severe, refractory cases.
Surgical Treatment (FESS)
When medical treatment fails, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is performed to remove polyps and open the sinus drainage pathways. Surgery is often combined with continued medical therapy to prevent recurrence.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do nasal polyps come back after surgery?
Polyps can recur, particularly in patients with underlying allergy, asthma, or aspirin sensitivity. Long-term medical therapy and regular follow-up reduce recurrence rates.
What is aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD)?
AERD (Samter’s triad) is a combination of nasal polyps, asthma, and sensitivity to aspirin and NSAIDs. It requires specialist medical and surgical management.